Overview
The FDA’s CORE Response Teams manage multiple outbreak and adverse event investigations at various stages of completion. These investigations range from those with limited initial information to cases nearing resolution. Healthcare providers and public health officials encourage individuals experiencing potential foodborne illness symptoms to report details about food consumption prior to becoming ill, as this information assists in resolving active and emerging outbreaks.
The FDA issues public health advisories when investigations produce specific actions consumers can take for protection. These advisories contain the most current investigation details and consumer safety information.
Some investigations may not identify a definitive source or contributing factors. Adverse event investigations depend on self-reported data. While reports may reference specific products, the FDA lists only product categories in public documentation until sufficient evidence exists to implicate a particular product as the cause of illness or adverse events. When causes or contributing factors are identified that could inform prevention strategies, the FDA provides summary findings.
Recent Updates
Three investigations have received updates as of June 2025:
Salmonella Enteritidis Investigation (Reference #1300): The FDA issued an outbreak advisory on June 6, 2025. The advisory instructs consumers, retailers, restaurants, and distributors to avoid eating, selling, or serving recalled brown cage-free and brown certified organic eggs distributed by August Egg Company of Hilmar, California.
Salmonella Enteritidis Investigation (Reference #1301): This investigation involves an unidentified product and has seen case numbers increase from 31 to 33 confirmed cases.
Listeria monocytogenes Investigation (Reference #1290): Connected to an unidentified product, this investigation has recorded an increase from 16 to 17 total cases.
Current Active Investigations
The FDA is managing seven active investigations as of June 2025:
Salmonella Montevideo (Reference #1304): Posted May 14, 2025, this ongoing investigation links cucumbers to illness cases. An advisory has been issued, and the FDA has initiated traceback and sampling procedures.
E. coli O145:H28 (Reference #1303): Also posted May 14, 2025, this investigation involves 11 cases connected to an unidentified product. The outbreak status is listed as ended, and the FDA has conducted traceback and sampling activities.
Hepatitis A virus (Reference #1302): Posted May 7, 2025, this ongoing investigation involves 5 cases linked to an unidentified product. The FDA has initiated traceback procedures.
Listeria monocytogenes (Reference #1305): Posted April 30, 2025, this investigation connects ready-to-eat foods to illness cases and is being conducted jointly with USDA (reference 2025-06). An advisory has been issued, and the FDA has initiated traceback, inspection, and sampling activities.
Salmonella Enteritidis (Reference #1300): Posted April 23, 2025, this ongoing investigation links eggs to illness cases. An advisory has been issued, and recall, traceback, inspection, and sampling activities are underway.
Salmonella Enteritidis (Reference #1301): Also posted April 23, 2025, this ongoing investigation involves 33 cases connected to an unidentified product. The FDA has initiated traceback procedures.
Listeria monocytogenes (Reference #1290): Posted April 9, 2025, this ongoing investigation involves 17 cases linked to an unidentified product and is conducted jointly with USDA (reference 2025-05). The FDA has initiated traceback, inspection, and sampling activities.
Investigation Process
These investigations represent various stages of the FDA’s food safety response process. Some investigations result in product recalls, while others involve traceback efforts to identify contamination sources. The FDA conducts inspections and sampling as part of the investigative process when warranted. Joint investigations with USDA occur when cases fall under both agencies’ jurisdictions.
