A series of Listeria monocytogenes (Listeria) contamination incidents has led to numerous recalls of enoki mushrooms across North America over the past year. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) continues to investigate why these long, thin white mushrooms, commonly used in East Asian cuisine, appear particularly susceptible to Listeria monocytogenes contamination, according to a recent article on eatingwell.com.
The sequence of recalls began in October 2023 when Qilu Enterprises issued a recall spanning six states after their enoki mushrooms tested positive for Listeria. In December 2023, the Canadian Food Inspection Agency (CFIA) announced a recall of Good brand enoki mushrooms following positive bacterial tests. Another Canadian recall followed in March 2024 affecting K-Fresh brand mushrooms. Food Poisoning News has covered several recalls this year of Enoki Mushrooms due to Listeria contamination, including:
- Recall of HH Fresh Trading Corp Enoki Mushrooms
- Recall of Enoki King Mushroom Farm Enoki Mushrooms
- Meta brand Enoki Mushrooms recalled
- O’Ya hoo brand Enoki Mushrooms recalled
These recalls follow a 2022 FDA alert regarding a Listeria outbreak linked to enoki mushrooms, which prompted increased scrutiny of the product. Listeria infection, or listeriosis, poses particular risks for individuals over 65, pregnant people, and those with compromised immune systems. Common symptoms include fever, muscle aches, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea.
The FDA and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) have issued guidelines to reduce the risk of Listeria infection when handling enoki mushrooms. These recommendations include thoroughly cooking the mushrooms before consumption, storing raw mushrooms separately from ready-to-eat foods, and maintaining proper sanitation practices. The agencies also stress the importance of washing hands and cleaning all surfaces that come into contact with raw mushrooms.
While investigating the root cause of these recurring contaminations, the FDA maintains that enoki mushrooms are safe for consumption when properly handled and cooked. However, they advise consumers to stay informed about current recalls and follow food safety guidelines, particularly those at higher risk for severe illness from Listeria infection.
However, the answer to why enoki mushrooms are easily contaminated with Listeria may be a simple one. The conditions under which enoki mushrooms grow best are also ideal for Listeria. Enoki mushrooms thrive in cool, damp conditions that promote their growth but also create an environment favorable for Listeria bacteria. This pathogen is particularly resilient, capable of multiplying even at refrigerated temperatures, posing a food safety concern if proper handling and storage practices are not followed.
Consumers who experience symptoms of listeriosis after consuming enoki mushrooms are advised to seek immediate medical attention.
Commenting on this article, the nation’s leading Listeria lawyer said, “Consumers can enjoy enoki mushrooms, provided correct cleaning and handling practices are followed. Before serving, make sure the mushrooms are properly cooked and then add them to your next meal.”
