Author: Kit Redwine

Prions, abbreviated from “proteinaceous infectious particles”, are misfolded proteins capable of transmitting their abnormal shape to normal cellular proteins, triggering fatal neurodegenerative diseases in humans and animals. Unlike bacteria or viruses, prions lack genetic material (DNA or RNA) and propagate solely through structural corruption of the major prion protein (PrP). Normally, PrP exists as a harmless, alpha-helix-rich protein (PrPC) on cell surfaces. When misfolded into a beta-sheet-dominant form (PrPSc), it aggregates into toxic clumps that destroy brain tissue, creating microscopic holes that give the brain a sponge-like appearance. Mechanisms of Pathogenicity The danger of prions lies in their unique properties: …

The World Health Organization (WHO) serves as the cornerstone of international efforts to combat foodborne diseases, which sicken 600 million people and cause 420,000 deaths annually, disproportionately affecting children under five and low-income populations. Through science-driven strategies and coordinated governance, WHO addresses this pervasive public health threat across 194 member states. Surveillance and Burden Assessment A core WHO function involves quantifying the global impact of foodborne hazards. In 2015, the Foodborne Disease Burden Epidemiology Reference Group (FERG) published landmark estimates: 31 biological and chemical hazards cause 33 million disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) lost yearly, with diarrheal agents like norovirus and Campylobacter…

The Canadian Food Inspection Agency (CFIA) and The Market Garden have issued a voluntary recall of Bornibus-brand tahini due to potential Salmonella contamination. Salmonella is a bacterium that can cause serious infections in animals and humans, especially those in vulnerable populations such as young children, the elderly, and individuals with compromised immune systems. Background The recall was initiated due to a recall in another country because of Salmonella contamination. This has been categorized as a Class II recall, meaning that the CFIA believes there is a moderate risk that consuming the affected food could lead to short-term or non-life threatening health…

New research has examined how long influenza viruses, including the highly pathogenic H5N1 strain, remain viable in unpasteurized milk. The study, which has not yet been peer-reviewed, provides insights into potential transmission risks associated with contaminated dairy products. The research follows the March 2024 identification of H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza virus in U.S. dairy cattle. Scientists discovered this virus after investigating significantly reduced milk production across affected farms. Genetic analysis indicated the virus was first introduced to cattle populations in late 2023. Unlike typical respiratory influenza infections in mammals, H5N1 in cattle produces extremely high levels of viral shedding in…

A recall has been issued by Sulu Organics LLC, based in Bartlett, Illinois, for over 3 tons of pork lard and beef tallow products because they were produced with the benefit of federal inspection. Background Meat, poultry, and egg products sold in the United States must be labeled with a USDA mark of inspection and establishment, or EST number. This is assigned to the specific plant where a food is produced. The U.S. Department of Agriculture’s Food Safety and Inspection Service (FSIS) received complaints that the recalled product was missing the mark of inspection. According to the FSIS, “personnel determined…

Candy giant Haribo has issued a product recall in the Netherlands after cannabis was detected in packages of its Happy Cola F!ZZ candy. The recall follows reports of consumers experiencing adverse health effects after eating the contaminated candy. Multiple people, including several family members, reported feeling unwell after consuming the confections this week. The Netherlands Food and Consumer Product Safety Authority (NVWA) confirmed that affected consumers experienced dizziness after eating the products. The recall specifically targets 1kg packages of Haribo Happy Cola F!ZZ with a best-before date of January 2026 and production code L341-4002307906. Laboratory analysis conducted by authorities confirmed the presence…

One of two catering companies involved in a significant food poisoning event at ByteDance’s Singapore office has been formally charged in court, according to Channel News Asia. The incident, which occurred in July 2024, affected 130 employees and resulted in 57 hospitalizations. The mass food poisoning took place on July 30, 2024, at ByteDance’s office located at One Raffles Quay. Staff members who became ill had eaten at a cafeteria on the building’s 26th floor. ByteDance contracts licensed external vendors to provide catering services for its offices. Yunhaiyao, which operates the Yun Nans restaurant chain, appeared in court on June 4…

Foodborne illnesses have repeatedly altered the course of human history, from determining military outcomes to fueling social panics. Ancient accounts suggest Alexander the Great’s death in 323 BCE resulted from Salmonella typhi infection, possibly contracted via contaminated food or water. His sudden demise at age 32 triggered the collapse of his empire and reshaped the ancient world. Similarly, the Great Plague of Athens (430–426 BCE), which killed a quarter of Athens’ population during the Peloponnesian War, is now theorized to have been caused by contaminated grain. This catastrophe weakened Athens militarily and contributed to Sparta’s eventual victory. Ergotism and Social…

Fresh fruits and vegetables are vital to a healthy diet, yet they can harbor invisible threats: harmful bacteria like Salmonella, E. coli, and Listeria, pesticide residues, and soil contaminants. These hazards may originate from field irrigation, handling during distribution, or cross-contamination in kitchens. Consuming improperly cleaned produce can lead to foodborne illnesses, which cause an estimated 48 million illnesses annually in the U.S. alone. Why Water Trumps Soaps and Special Washes Contrary to popular belief, soap, detergent, bleach, or commercial produce washes are ineffective and potentially hazardous. Produce is porous, allowing these substances to absorb into its flesh despite rinsing.…

In an interconnected food system where produce crosses continents before reaching plates, international collaboration is essential to combat foodborne pathogens. Organizations like the World Health Organization (WHO), U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), and national agencies deploy coordinated strategies to address contamination risks spanning multiple countries. Global Frameworks for Unified Action The WHO’s 2022–2030 Global Strategy for Food Safety establishes concrete targets, including a 40% reduction in foodborne diarrheal diseases by 2030 and enhanced laboratory surveillance worldwide. Adopted by 194 member states, this framework prioritizes harmonized standards and data sharing. In May 2024, WHO launched the Alliance for Food Safety, uniting…