Health officials across Canada are investigating an ongoing Salmonella outbreak that has affected 27 people in four provinces and territories, with cases connected to contact with dog food and treats. The outbreak, which began in mid-February and continued through mid-August 2025, has resulted in six hospitalizations but no deaths.
The majority of cases have been concentrated in western Canada, with Alberta reporting 13 illnesses and British Columbia documenting 12 cases. Ontario has recorded one case, while the Northwest Territories has also reported a single illness. Women represent 59 percent of those affected, and the age range spans from infants to elderly individuals up to 87 years old.
The specific pathogen, Salmonella Oranienburg, is a bacterial strain that can be transmitted from contaminated dog food and treats to humans. Many of the people who fell ill reported handling various types of dog products before becoming sick, including kibble, dehydrated treats, and freeze-dried products. However, investigators have not yet identified a single common supplier linking all the cases.
Salmonella infections can occur even when dogs appear healthy and show no signs of illness. The bacteria can survive on surfaces and in the environment, making proper hygiene practices essential for pet owners and their families. Contamination can spread through direct contact with pets, their food bowls, or any surfaces that have come into contact with the products.
The investigation reveals a significant reporting lag, with illnesses taking between 15 and 101 days to be officially documented by public health authorities. This delay means additional cases may still emerge as the investigation continues. Health researchers estimate that for every confirmed Salmonella case reported to public health officials, approximately 26 additional cases go unreported, suggesting the actual number of affected individuals could be substantially higher.
Symptoms of Salmonella infection typically develop within 6 to 72 hours of exposure and can include fever, chills, nausea, diarrhea, vomiting, stomach cramps, and sudden headaches. Most people recover completely within four to seven days without medical intervention, though some individuals may develop more serious complications requiring hospitalization.
Certain populations face elevated risks for severe illness, including older adults, young children, pregnant women, and individuals with compromised immune systems. Health officials stress that infected individuals can continue spreading the bacteria to others for several days to weeks after infection, even when they no longer experience symptoms.
The outbreak investigation remains active, with health authorities continuing to trace potential sources and monitor for new cases. Officials have not issued any product recalls at this time but continue to advise pet owners about proper handling and hygiene practices when dealing with dog food and treats.
